Museumofworldmusic.com

Mongolia & Inner China

Instruments

Name: Morin Khuur (in Mongolian). Ma-Tau-Qin in Mandarin Chinese.

Type: Chordophone > bowed.

Tuning: G-D or G-C usually in fourths or fifths.

Region: Mongolia > China > Far East Asia.

Source: A friend of mine who travelled to Mongolia.

Acquisition Date: year 2004/2005.

Description: The Morin Khuur a bowed chordophone found in Mongolia and in Inner Mongolia. In Mandarin Chinese the Morin Khuur is called a ma tau qin. Many regional names are known they are the Khuur, Ikil. The morin khuur is classified as a member of the huqin family of bowed silk instruments. In the Qing Dynasty (c. 1644-1901) China the Morin Khuur may have originated from a similar instrument in resemblance to the khuur. The khuur is one of the principle instruments played for the "long song" or "epic song". In Western Mongolia a name for the Khuur is "Ikil" there is a connection to the name Igil (a related bowed instrument frin Tuva). The morin khuur is played in the neighboring Buryat Republic.

The Playing Techniques:
The Morin Khuur is played upright in the same manner as a cello. However this is where the cello and the Morin-khuur similarities end. On the cello the musician places their fingers directly onto the string in which touches the fingerboard. When playing the morin khuur the space in between the strings and the fingerboard allow room for some fancy finger techniques where one technique where the fingers of the left hand rapidly hit the strings.

Anatomy of the Morin Khuur: The body is constructed as a trapasoidal frame in which sound holes are carved on either side. Two hand carved tuning pegs are carved and installed close to the head stock. A carving of a horse as the head stock is symbolic of Mongolian mythology. A serpent is carved just underneath the head stock where the strings travel through representing fangs. Each string is tied onto the back of the instrument supported by a tail. The back of the body is assembled from two pieces. In borrowing from the Western violin a sound post is added to support the strength of the khuur under tension and to increase the timbre of morin khuur. Characters from the Chinese zodiacal calendar are added as outlay on the fingerboard. The strings are called "Narin" and "buddhin" in Mongolian “the word "narin" means "thick" and "buddhin" means "thin". The thicker strings are 130 individual strands selected from a mare’s tale. The thinner strands of hair amount to approximately 105 individual strands these are selected from a horses tail.

About my specimen(s):
My first morin khuur is likely from Inner Mongolia at least the sticker did have recognized the manufacturer's logo of the ditze and my first morin khuur so I am assuming they maybe and most likely have came from a Chinese musical instrument factory (in whom I have a ditze flute made by). So at the given time' I knew the ditze and morin-khuur I have are from this factory. As for my second one has its origins from Mongolia; and is hand carved of wood and with very ornate bone outlay. The concept of “outlay carving” in which unlike inlay carving is where outlay gives a "three dimensional" appearance to the Morin Khuur in this case; the body, neck and bow are made of the same wood (not sure of the species).

Citations: Bibliography: The New Grove Dictionary of Music G to O, Page 426 Khyagasan Khuur ISBN# 0-333-37878-4 ~ The book series and its revisions are edited by Stanley Sadie > Discrography: