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China

Instruments

Name: Xiao (pronounced "siao") or dong-xiao.

Type: Notched flute > Aerophones.

Region: China > Far East Asia.

Dimensions: Length 85 cm.

Specimens: A total of 3 xiao.

Acquisition Sources: Rene Hugo Sanchez (on trip to china), one specimen; the 2nd specimen, the second and third chiaos are from Chinatown, Vancouver Canada.

Description: The xiao [pronounced "siao"] is an open-ended or notched flute carved from bamboo. In the rein of Emperor Qianlong the xiao was associated as an instrument who was played in the royal courts. The over all length of the xiao is 75cm to 85cm or 45cm or 1.25m; most of the xiao have 6 or 7 finger holes. The xiao is played by the Qiang people in South Western China. In Taiwan the xiao is called "dong-xiao". It’s known that the xiao is the predecessor of the Japanese shakuhachi and the Korean Danso. The xiao is tuned in a pentatonic scale the pitches are in G, D, C or F, F# is not used that often although some xiao are available in this key.

The Xiao Family: The Qin-xiao is the narrowest of the xiao it is tuned in F is meant to accompany the guchin (zither). This variety of flute has eight finger holes.

Citations: Xiao or Dong Xiao (article) melodyofchina.com > Fingering charts for the xiao flute (article) >